Conventions in depth
Over partner’s third- or fourth-seat major opening, a passed hand’s 2♣ shows a limit raise and asks how sound the opening is.
After responder has passed, opener may open a major in third or fourth seat on less than a full opening, to steer a lead or contest the part-score. If responder now has a limit raise, jumping to three of the major could push the partnership too high opposite a light opener.
So, as a passed hand, responder’s 2♣ is artificial: a real limit raise (about 10+ support points, three or more trumps). It keeps the auction low while opener shows how sound the opening was.
Responder then acts on what opener has revealed:
With a weak raise rather than a limit raise, a passed responder jumps straight to three of the major, a pre-empt. The 2♣ bid is kept for the hand that wants to invite.
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